What is a solenoid valve for?

In the complex meshing of parts that makes up the operation of engines and mechanical systems, the solenoid valve plays a crucial role. This device, although small in size, plays an essential role in controlling the flow of liquids and gases in a wide variety of applications.

In this article, we will explore the world of solenoid valves in depth, answering key questions such as: What is a solenoid valve? How does the solenoid valve work? , the types of them that exist and how to clean them properly .

What is a solenoid valve?

At the heart of many control systems, you will find the solenoid valve . But what exactly is a solenoid valve? In simple terms, it is an electromechanical device designed to control the flow of a fluid, whether liquid or gas. Its name comes from its ability to open or close a valve using an electromagnetic component .

Solenoid valves are essential in situations where precise flow control is required , such as in hydraulic, pneumatic systems or even in the water supply of household appliances. Imagine a piece that can open and close an invisible door to allow or stop the passage of a liquid or gas with millimeter precision. That is the main function of a solenoid valve.

How does a solenoid valve work?

Solenoid valves regulate the flow of liquids or gases positively , either in the fully closed or fully open position. Its main function is to replace or remotely control manual valves . The operating process of a solenoid valve involves opening or closing the orifice in the valve body, allowing or blocking flow through it. A plunger, located within a tubular sleeve, is raised or lowered by energizing the coil with electrical current.

The structure of solenoid valves includes a coil, a plunger and a guide tube . In normally closed valves , a return spring keeps the plunger pressed against the orifice, preventing the passage of flow. By energizing the solenoid coil, the resulting magnetic field lifts the plunger, thus allowing flow . On the other hand, in normally open valves , when the coil is energized, the plunger seals the orifice, blocking flow .

 

Types of solenoid valves

Solenoid valves can be classified into three main types according to their operation:

Simple solenoid valves.

Simple solenoid valves are the most basic and are used in applications that require simple flow control. They can be closed rest or open rest.

  • Closed rest solenoid valves: They remain closed when there is no power supply. When power is applied, they open.

  • Open rest solenoid valves: They remain open when there is no power supply. When power is applied, they close.

Assisted solenoid valves

Assisted solenoid valves use fluid pressure to open or close the passage. They are used in applications that require precise flow control, even at high pressures.

These valves work with a diaphragm that is moved by fluid pressure. When the solenoid activates, it moves a stem that presses the diaphragm, opening or closing the passage.

Three-way solenoid valves

Three-way solenoid valves can switch the flow of a fluid between two outlets. They are used in applications that require controlling two different fluids, such as in heating or cooling systems.

These valves operate with a switch that directs flow to one of two outlets. When the solenoid activates, it moves the switch, changing the direction of flow.

How to clean solenoid valves?

Manual cleaning

Manual cleaning is the easiest way to clean solenoid valves. To do this, follow these steps:

  1. Disconnect the electrical power to the solenoid valve.
  2. Shuts off the flow of liquids or gases that are being controlled by the solenoid valve.
  3. Unscrew the solenoid from the solenoid valve.
  4. Verify that the plunger lifts freely.
  5. Clean the internal surfaces of the solenoid valve with a soft brush and a mild detergent.
  6. Rinse the solenoid valve with clean water.
  7. Reassemble the solenoid valve.

Cleaning with a filter

One way to prevent the buildup of debris in solenoid valves is to install a filter in the pipe or conduit where it is installed . The filter will catch debris before it reaches the solenoid valve, helping to extend its life.

How often should solenoid valves be cleaned?

The frequency with which solenoid valves should be cleaned depends on the application in which they are used. In general, it is advisable to clean them at least once a year . If the solenoid valve is exposed to adverse operating conditions , such as high temperatures or dirt, it may need to be cleaned more frequently .

Tips for cleaning solenoid valves

  • Always use mild, non-corrosive detergents.
  • Avoid using solvents or harsh chemicals, as they can damage the internal parts of the solenoid valve.
  • Do not use compressed air to clean the solenoid valves, as it may damage sensitive components.
  • If you are not sure how to clean a solenoid valve, consult a professional. At Comercial Méndez we can help you, contact us.